Kinerja, Beban Kerja Kognitif, dan Situational Awareness Air Traffic Controller: Tinjauan Literatur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61510/skyeast.v4i1.68Keywords:
air traffic control, cognitive workload, situational awareness, ATC training, human factorsAbstract
Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) bear significant responsibility for ensuring the safety and efficiency of flight operations. This article presents a literature review of five scientific journals examining controller performance, cognitive workload, and situational awareness (SA) in air traffic control. The study aims to identify the key factors influencing controller performance and their implications for ATC education and training. Literature selection was conducted through searches in Google Scholar, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore databases using the keywords “air traffic controller,” “cognitive workload,” “situational awareness,” and “ATC performance.” The inclusion criteria comprised English-language articles published between 2010 and 2024 and available in full-text format. From the search results, five articles were selected based on topic relevance, methodological quality, and representation of diverse approaches to the main research variables. The study employed a thematic analysis of the relevant literature from the five selected sources. The findings indicate that cognitive workload and situational awareness are the primary determinants of ATC decision-making, with additional influences arising from organizational factors such as compensation and motivation. Simulation-based training that emphasizes adaptation to changing workload demands and increasing automation is essential for enhancing controller competence. The integration of mental workload management modules, situational awareness training, and the strengthening of organizational factors within ATC curricula can improve the quality of education and operational readiness of controllers.
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